Dependent Family Members (J-2 Visa Status)

Table of Contents

    • What is the Short-Term Scholar category and who is it designed for?

    • What are the eligibility requirements for Short-Term Scholar (education, purpose, activities)?

    • What is the maximum duration of stay for a Short-term Scholar?

    • What funding options are available for Short-Term Scholars?

    • What is the Research Scholar category and who is it designed for?

    • What are the eligibility requirements for Research Scholar (education, purpose, activities)?

    • What is the maximum duration of stay for a Research Scholar?

    • What funding options are available for Research Scholars?

    • What is the Professor category and who qualifies?

    • What distinguishes a Professor from a Research Scholar for J-1 purposes?

    • What teaching and research activities are permitted under the Professor category?

    • What is the maximum duration of stay for a Professor?

    • Must Professors have a terminal degree in their field?

    • What is the Specialist category and what types of specialists does it cover?

    • What are the eligibility requirements for a Specialist?

    • What is the maximum duration and what activities are permitted for Specialists?

    • What funding options are available for Specialists?

    • What is the Student Intern category?

    • Who is eligible for Student Intern status (current students vs. recent graduates)?

    • What is the maximum duration of a Student Intern program?

    • What types of internship activities are permitted under Student Intern status?

    • How does Student Intern differ from the Intern/Trainee category?

    • What is the difference between the Intern and Trainee categories?

    • Are the Intern and Trainee categories appropriate for academic research positions?

    • What are the eligibility and duration requirements for Intern and Trainee?

    • What is the Teacher category used for?

    • Is the Teacher category appropriate for university-level instruction?

    • What are the requirements for primary and secondary school teachers under the J-1 program?

Who qualifies as a J-2 dependent (spouse and children)?

Eligible J-2 dependents include:

  • Your spouse, and

  • Your unmarried children under age 21

Same-sex spouses qualify for J-2 status as long as the marriage is legally valid under the laws of the place of celebration. Domestic partners, fiancés, or partners who are not legally married do not qualify for J-2 status. Other relatives (such as parents, siblings, or extended family members) are not eligible for J-2 status.

Note: J-2 dependents’ status is always tied to your J-1 status.

Reference(s)/Resource(s): 22 CFR 62.2 Definition of Dependents

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Can I bring my family members with me to the U.S. on J-2 dependent visas?

Yes. Eligible dependents may accompany you to the U.S. or join you later during your J-1 program, as long as you can demonstrate sufficient funding and they obtain J-2 visas.

Your sponsoring institution must issue a separate DS-2019 for each dependent.

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What is the process for my dependents to obtain J-2 visas?

The process for your dependents to apply for J-2 visas is like the process to apply for a J-1 visa (see section 4.3 above).

Your dependents generally must:

  • Receive a DS-2019 issued by your sponsoring institution

  • Pay the required visa application fee (the SEVIS I-901 fee is not required for J-2s)

  • Complete the Online Nonimmigrant Visa Application (DS-160)

  • Attend a visa interview at a U.S. embassy or consulate (if required) with all required documents:

    • Valid passport (usually valid at least six months beyond your intended stay)

    • DS-2019

    • DS-160 visa application confirmation page

    • Visa application fee receipt (the SEVIS I-901 fee is not required for J-2s)

    • Proof of funding listed on the DS-2019

    • Documentation showing their relationship to you (such as a marriage or birth certificate)

Important: Plan ahead, but also time your visa appointment carefully. A visa issued too early for citizens of countries who have shorter visa validity periods may cause issues if the visa expires before you travel to the U.S.

Reference(s)/Resource(s): U.S. Department of State – Visa Wait Times; U.S. Department of State – U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country

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Can my J-2 spouse work in the U.S.? What is the process for obtaining J-2 employment authorization?

Yes. J-2 spouses may apply for employment authorization from U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).

To do so, your spouse must file Form I-765 and supporting documents with USCIS. Employment may begin only after the Employment Authorization Document (EAD) is approved and received.

Note: J-2 employment is optional and not automatic. Approval is not guaranteed and processing times can vary.

Tip: Consult your international office to determine what assistance they provide regarding the J-2 employment authorization application process. 

Reference(s)/Resource(s): 8 CFR 214.2(j)(1)(v) Employment in J-2 Status

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What types of employment can my J-2 spouse engage in? Are there any restrictions?

Once employment authorization is approved, your J-2 spouse may work:

  • Full-time or part-time

  • For any employer

  • In any field

However:

  • J-2 income cannot be used to support the J-1 principal

  • Employment may not begin before the EAD start date

  • Authorization ends when the J-1 program ends

Important: Working without an approved EAD is a violation of immigration status.

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Can my J-2 dependent children attend public school in the U.S.?

Yes. J-2 children may attend public or private elementary and secondary schools in the U.S. without restriction.

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Can my J-2 dependent children attend college or university while in J-2 status?

Yes. J-2 children may attend college or university in J-2 status. However:

  • They are not eligible to work unless they change to another visa status

  • Some students choose to change to F-1 status for long-term academic programs

  • They must obtain their own status if they plan to remain in the U.S. after they turn 21 years of age

Tip: If your child plans to pursue a full degree, talk with your international office early about whether a change of status makes sense.

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I am a J-1 in the U.S. with my spouse and child, both on J-2 visas. I have to travel to my home country for a few weeks. Can my family remain in the U.S. while I'm away?

Yes, in most cases your J-2 dependents may remain in the U.S. temporarily while you travel abroad, as long as:

  • Your J-1 program remains active

  • Your absence is temporary and consistent with your program

  • Your dependents maintain valid J-2 status and health insurance

Important: If you will be outside the U.S. for an extended period or if your J-1 program ends, your dependents will lose their status at the same time your status ends. If they wish to remain in the U.S., they should seek legal advice to determine whether there is another legal status they can apply for.

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U.S. immigration regulations are rapidly changing. Immigration rules can change quickly, and what is accurate today may not be true tomorrow. This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For specific immigration questions or complex situations, consult with a qualified immigration attorney.