How can I apply for a Social Security Number?
FAQ.
Answered by Jennifer Glass, Immigration Coordinator at the International Student Resource Center
Last updated: July, 2026
How can I apply for a Social Security Number?
A Social Security Number (SSN) is essentially an ID used by employers to report wages to the government for tax purposes. You can only get one if you’re working — F-1 students with an on-campus job offer or other authorized employment (CPT/OPT), and J-1 students whose sponsor has authorized employment. If you’re not eligible but need a number for taxes (for example, maybe you have an athletic scholarship or research fellowship), ask your school about an ITIN.
How to apply (through the Social Security Administration)
Confirm eligibility — F-1: on-campus job offer, CPT I-20, or EAD; J-1: written sponsor authorization.
Gather documents — passport and visa, Form I-94, Form I-20 (F-1) or DS-2019 (J-1), proof of employment, a DSO/ARO letter verifying your status, and if working on-campus, a supervisor letter verifying your job, start date, hours, and contact info.
Complete the online SSN application at ssa.gov — once complete, note your Online Control Number; you’ll create a Login.gov account to schedule an appointment.
Visit your local SSA office in person within ~45 days (some offices require an appointment; rules vary slightly by office).
Ask for a receipt confirming you applied for the SSN. You can usually take this receipt to your employer as proof of having applied, which should allow you to work while the SSN is processing.
Wait for your card — it arrives by mail in about 2–4 weeks.
Check with your international student office for more detailed guidance based on your local Social Security Office.
Reference: Social Security Administration Fact Sheet
